مقالات پذیرفته شده در نهمین کنگره بین المللی زیست پزشکی
Marine actinomycetes: Important sources for biopharmaceutical compounds
Marine actinomycetes: Important sources for biopharmaceutical compounds
Ehteram sadat Rahimi,1,*
1. Department of Biology, Qaemshahr branch, Islamic Azad University
Introduction: The oceans are regarded as a crucial and abundant source of new bioactive secondary metabolites. The abundance of living organisms in this ecosystem, where the beginning of life has spanned billions of years, has necessitated the development of intricate defense mechanisms to resist persistent biotic and abiotic stresses. As a result, the marine microbiota (in this instance, bacteria) is an important source of new drug candidate information.
Methods: Actinobacteria have been isolated from various marine biotic and abiotic substrates in antimicrobial research. Marine sediments are the main source, as reported in 99 out of 177 studies analyzed. The other major sources include sponges (30 research studies) and marine invertebrates (15 studies), such as jellyfish, sea squirts, corals... Mangroves, seagrass beds and fish are less common sources of seaweed and seawater.
Actinobacteria have been isolated from various marine biotic and abiotic substrates in antimicrobial research. Marine sediments are the main source, as reported in 99 out of 177 studies analyzed. The other major sources include sponges (30 research studies) and marine invertebrates (15 studies), such as jellyfish, sea squirts, corals... Mangroves, seagrass beds and fish are less common sources of seaweed and seawater.
Results: An analysis of global publications on the antimicrobial activities in marine actinobacteria reveals a high concentration of research efforts worldwide.epb). The majority of cases have been linked to China (47), India (39), and the United States (13). The high number of Biosynthetic Gene Clusters (BGCs) found in Actinobacteria enables the organism to produce thousands of bioactive compounds with diverse biological functions. Macrolides (typically bacteriostatic, inhibiting protein synthesis) and Chromopeptides (such as actinomycins that suppress tumorigenicity) are the other important groups.
Conclusion: Marine bacteria and actinobacteria produce secondary metabolites that exhibit broad activity against different pathogens, making them suitable for pharmaceutical use. These compounds are known for their medicinal properties. Their primary capability lies in their ability to combat significant pathogens like MRSA and E. coli through effective antimicrobial and antifungal activities. They are essential in the global Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) challenge, particularly against multidrug-resistant ESKAPE pathogens, and they provide an important source for developing antibacterial treatments for acne vulgaris.