مقالات پذیرفته شده در نهمین کنگره بین المللی زیست پزشکی
Comparative Review of Native, Hydrogel, and 3D Forms of Amniotic Membrane in Diabetic Wound Healing
Comparative Review of Native, Hydrogel, and 3D Forms of Amniotic Membrane in Diabetic Wound Healing
Mozhdeh Khamesi,1Davood Nasiry,2,*
1. Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. 2. Professor Assistant of Anatomical Sciences, Amol School of Paramedical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Introduction: Diabetic wounds present a significant global health burden due to their chronic nature, complex pathophysiology, and high risk of complications, often leading to amputation. The amniotic membrane (AM), derived from the innermost layer of the placenta, has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent for wound healing due to its rich composition of growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular matrix components, which confer anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, pro-angiogenic, and anti-scarring properties.
Methods: This comprehensive review critically analyzes and compares the efficacy and mechanisms of action of various forms of AM—specifically native (simple) AM, AM-derived hydrogels, and 3D tissue-engineered constructs incorporating AM—in the context of diabetic wound repair. We discuss the advantages and limitations of each form, considering aspects such as preparation methods, biological retention, ease of application, and integration into the wound bed.
Results: While native AM offers readily available and effective treatment, hydrogels provide better conformity to irregular wound shapes and controlled release of bioactive molecules. Furthermore, 3D constructs offer enhanced structural support and a more biomimetic environment for cellular proliferation and tissue regeneration. This review highlights the current understanding of how these distinct AM formulations influence key processes in diabetic wound healing, including re-epithelialization, angiogenesis, inflammation modulation, and extracellular matrix remodeling.
Conclusion: Finally, we address current challenges in their clinical translation and propose future directions for optimizing AM-based therapies to improve outcomes for diabetic wound patients.