مقالات پذیرفته شده در نهمین کنگره بین المللی زیست پزشکی
Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound in Ectopic Pregnancy and Molar Pregnancy: A Comprehensive Review
Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound in Ectopic Pregnancy and Molar Pregnancy: A Comprehensive Review
Parand Soliemanifard,1Alireza Pourrahim,2,*farshad shohani,3
1. Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nursing, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran. 2. Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran 3. Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam , Iran.
Introduction: Ectopic pregnancy and molar pregnancy are two types of abnormal pregnancies that, if misdiagnosed, can lead to severe complications. Ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterine cavity, typically in the fallopian tubes, while molar pregnancy results from abnormal fertilization, causing abnormal placental growth. Accurate diagnosis of these conditions, especially through trans vaginal ultrasound and color Doppler, is critical for effective management.
Methods: This comprehensive review examines the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound, including transvaginal and color Doppler techniques, in identifying ectopic and molar pregnancies. The review synthesizes data from previous studies, focusing on the sensitivity, specificity, and key diagnostic indicators such as "snowstorm" patterns in molar pregnancy and elevated hCG levels. Recent technological advancements like 3D and 4D ultrasound are also evaluated for their impact on diagnostic precision.
Results: The findings indicate that trans vaginal ultrasound is highly effective in diagnosing ectopic pregnancies, with a sensitivity of 87% to 99% and a specificity of 94% to 99%. Ultrasound is similarly effective for identifying molar pregnancies, particularly when characteristic imaging patterns and hCG markers are present. Despite these strengths, limitations such as equipment quality, sonographer experience, and the risk of false-positive or false-negative results persist.
Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of early and accurate ultrasound diagnosis in managing abnormal pregnancies. It recommends the integration of advanced imaging techniques and ongoing education for sonographers to enhance diagnostic accuracy and improve patient outcomes.