مقالات پذیرفته شده در نهمین کنگره بین المللی زیست پزشکی
Immunotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia: An emerging and promising strategy for leukemia treatment
Immunotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia: An emerging and promising strategy for leukemia treatment
Maryam Nabigol,1,*
1. Department of Hematology and Blood Bank, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Introduction: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a blood cancer originating from the malignant myeloid cells in the bone marrow. Recent improvements in the genomic and epigenomic characterization of AML have advanced the understanding of leukemogenesis, thus opening the way for development of selected therapies for certain AML subsets. Chemotherapy has long been the mainstay treatment of AML, and multiple therapeutic approaches have demonstrated promising results in select groups of patients. There are, however, a significant number of patients with refractory disease and relapse. Relapse is primarily caused by leukemic stem cells, representing the main barrier in the path to cure AML, and highlights the need for development of potential novel and synergistic targeted therapies. In recent years, a better understanding of how cancer progression is mediated by the human immune system has allowed immunotherapy to revolutionize treatment of both solid and liquid malignancies such as leukemia. The aim of this paper was reviewing the role of immunotherapy in AML remission and recovery.
Methods: We used the most recent articles from Google Scholar and Pubmed for this paper. Keywords such as “Acute myeloid leukemia”, “Immunotherapy” and “Targeted therapy” were used to make sure that the topic was covered in depth
Results: The identification of human tumor antigens, the introduction of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies in clinical oncology, and clarification of the suppressive roles of immune checkpoint inhibitors in effective immunological responses against tumors, can provide a platform to design immunotherapeutic strategies for AML.
Conclusion: Immunotherapy can be a revolution in leukemia treatment, particularly in patients who are unable to undergo intensive chemotherapy. It promises elimination of chemoresistant clones and offers AML patients a more specific and less toxic treatment. In addition, immunotherapy can pave the way for development of personalized targeted therapies to improve AML patients' clinical outcome and survival.