• mRNA-Based Inverse Vaccines for Autoimmune Diseases A Precision Immunomodulatory Approach
  • Mahdi Ferdosipour,1,* Haniyeh khojasteh,2
    1. Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Sciences
    2. Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Sciences


  • Introduction: This review explores mRNA-based inverse vaccines as an emerging precision approach for treating autoimmune diseases. We examine the immunological foundations of autoimmunity and tolerance, detailing the breakdown of self-recognition mechanisms that lead to pathological autoimmune responses.
  • Methods: The article analyzes recent advances in mRNA technology, highlighting its unprecedented versatility for therapeutic applications beyond infectious disease prevention. We introduce the concept of inverse vaccination—a paradigm shift that aims to selectively suppress pathogenic immune responses rather than activate them—and investigate the molecular and cellular mechanisms through which mRNA-based inverse vaccines can re-establish immunological tolerance.
  • Results: By delivering targeted immunomodulatory signals, these innovative therapeutics demonstrate potential for disease-specific intervention with reduced systemic immunosuppression. Our synthesis of current research reveals various promising mRNA-based inverse vaccination strategies being developed for multiple autoimmune conditions, with several approaches showing efficacy in preclinical models.
  • Conclusion: The integration of mRNA technology with inverse vaccination principles represents a significant advancement toward precision medicine for autoimmune disease management. Despite challenges in delivery, stability, and immune response calibration, this approach offers a transformative pathway for developing highly specific treatments that address the underlying immunological dysregulation rather than merely managing symptoms.
  • Keywords: mRNA-based inverse vaccines, Autoimmune diseases, Immunological tolerance, Precision medicine