• Applications of Artificial Intelligence in the Management of Hypertension in the Elderly
  • Maedeh sirati,1 Hamidreza Mostafavi,2 Razieh Sadeghi,3,*
    1. MSc Student in Geriatric Nursing, Department of Nursing, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
    2. MSc Student in Medical-Surgical Nursing, Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
    3. MSc Student in Aging Health, Department of Aging Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran


  • Introduction: Hypertension remains a persistent public health challenge due to its high prevalence, close linkage to cardiovascular diseases, and complex physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms. Globally, an estimated 1.13 billion individuals are affected, with most being unaware of their condition. Despite the availability of effective, standardized treatment protocols, blood pressure control rates remain unsatisfactory worldwide. In Asia, the elderly population is projected to rise by 66% in the next 15 years, highlighting the urgent need for innovative strategies to reduce the health burden of hypertension. In the current digital era, the routine digitization of medical records and the development of vital sign sensors have transformed healthcare data collection. Among these advancements, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising computational tool for data analysis, increasingly supporting clinical decision-making and management of hypertension.
  • Methods: In this systematic review, searches were conducted in the PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and SID databases using English keywords (“Artificial intelligence,” “management,” “Hypertension,” “The elderly”) and their Persian equivalents within the time frame of 2020 to 2025. After removing duplicate articles during electronic search, articles in English and Persian that contained the keywords in the title or abstract and had full-text availability were evaluated (24 articles).
  • Results: A review of studies within the specified period demonstrated that applications of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and control of hypertension in the elderly include: measuring blood pressure through audio recording and analysis of acoustic features; capturing videos or photographs and measuring BP via transdermal optical imaging; assessing blood pressure based on photoplethysmogram (PPG) or electrocardiogram (ECG) signals via wearable devices such as smart watches; and measuring blood pressure by combining short-term and long-term memory (LSTM) and recurrent neural networks (RNN). The advantages of using AI in hypertension management among the elderly include: accurate diagnosis, timely intervention, personalized treatment planning, preventive interventions for healthy or at-risk individuals, continuous blood pressure monitoring for patients with hypertension, and the prevention of unnecessary clinic visits.
  • Conclusion: Findings indicate that until artificial intelligence is employed in real-world clinical environments with patient involvement, it will not be widely accepted by the community. Therefore, it is recommended that future prospective group studies and randomized clinical trials be conducted to further confirm the efficacy of AI programs in hospitals and healthcare centers.
  • Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Management; Hypertension; Elderly