• Thr role of Long non coding RNA in Breast cancer
  • Anita Alizadeh,1,*
    1. Department of biology, higher education institute of Rab_ Rashid Tabriz


  • Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in women and a second most common cause of death from cancer among women in the world. Breast cancer always evolves silently. Therefore diagnosis of Breast cancer in early stage of malignancy can help to appropriate cure and improve the disease. Invasion and metastasis are major causes which influence the survival and prognosis of Breast cancer. Therefore, to understand the molecule mechanism underlying invasion and metastasis is paramount for developing strategies to improve survival and prognosis in Breast patients. Numerous studies reveal that long non coding RNAa are playing an important roles in tumor development and show that the aberrant expression of various lncRNAs in Breast cancer. Therefore lncRNA can provide valuable markers for detecting malignancies, evaluation the progress of the disease and responding to treatment.
  • Methods: The present study was conducted in a review of the library resources and authentic scientific sources of the pubmed, google scholar and science direct.
  • Results: Long non coding RNA is a functional RNA molecule that is transcribed from DNA but not translated into protein and is a small group of transcribed molecules that are over 200 nucleotides long. Many lncRNA can complex with chromatin modifying proteins and recruit their catalytic activity to specific sites in the genome, thereby modifying chromatin states and influencing gene expression. Some of the lncRNA function is in chromatin remodeling, transcriptional regulation, post transcriptional regulation. Abnormal expression of long non coding RNAs contribute significantly to cancer initiation and progression in breast cancer. These lncRNAs include lncRNA MALAT1, LncRNA DANCR, LncRNA PDCD4_AS1 and so on. Cancer cell proliferation is induced by multiple signaling pathways such as AKt signaling pathway, Mitogen_activated protein kinase signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, MYC signaling pathway, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling pathway, nuclear factor_κβ (NF_κβ) signaling pathway, transforming growth factor_β signaling pathway and p53 signaling pathway that with molecular process and lncRNA have an important role in breast cancer development.
  • Conclusion: Various studies have proven the significant function of lncRNAs in tumorigenesis of Breast cancer. Aberrantly expressed lncRNAs might be used as diagnostic biomarkers, prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for Breast cancer. However, our current understanding of lncRNAs in relation to Breast cancer remains limited. As a result, more investigations are necessary to gain a better understanding of lncRNAs and their mechanisms in Breast cancer.
  • Keywords: Long non coding RNA, Breast cancer, Diagnostic marker