Introduction: Most people with diabetes have many genes, each of which can contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes. The sumo4 gene is one of the most studied genes in metabolic syndrome worldwide. In the present study, a single nucleotide polymorphism in the SUMO 4 gene was identified that substituted valine amino acid at codon 55 instead of methionine amino acid and was called the M55V variant. These studies indicate a gene mutation in SUMO4 and a change in nucleotide 163 that converts the adenine nucleotide to guanine. Therefore, apart from risk factors such as age and sex, it is expected that polymorphisms of this gene may also be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic polymorphism of SUMO4 gene involved in type 2 diabetic patients in north of Iran - Sari.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 200 peripheral blood samples including 100 healthy individuals and 100 type 2 diabetic patients in north of Iran-Sari. DNA was extracted from blood samples and then DNA quality and quantity were determined. Sumo 4 genotypes were studied in 100 patients with type 2 diabetes and 100 controls with RFLP-PRC- and enzymatic digestion by TspR I restriction enzyme. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 18 software. Chi-square test was used to compare the alleles and genotypes sequences in the studied subjects.
Results: The results of this study showed that in control group, genotypes were 28% for AA (non-mutated homozygous), 48% for AG (heterozygous) and 24% for GG homozygous mutant, respectively. The frequencies of A and G alleles were 52 and 48%, respectively. In the diseased individuals, the frequency of genotypes was 22% for AA (non-mutated homozygous), 40% for AG (heterozygous) and 38% for GG homozygous mutant, respectively. The frequencies of the A and G alleles were 42 and 58%, respectively. The results of this study showed that there is no significant relationship between Sumo 4 gene variant M55V and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, variant M55V of Sumo 4 gene is not a risk factor for diabetes. Therefore, research in this field in different populations is suggested for better understanding of the role of Sumo 4 and other genes.
Keywords: SUMO4 gene, type 2 diabetic , Iran, Sari