• Clinical and Histological Types of Breast Cancer : an Overview
  • Koosha Rokhzadi,1 Kaveh Haji-Allahverdipoor,2,*
    1. Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical sciences
    2. Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical sciences


  • Introduction: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed life-threatening cancer in women and the leading cause of cancer death among women. In the last two decades, research related to breast cancer has led to extraordinary progress in our understanding of the disease. Moreover, breast cancer occurs when cells in breast grow and divide in an uncontrolled way while creating a mass of tissue called a tumor. Symptoms of breast cancer can include feeling a lump in breast, experiencing a change in the size of breast and seeing changes to the skin on breast. Furthermore, there is numerous types of breast cancer which I elaborate them in the following sentences.
  • Methods: To begin, non-Invasive Breast Cancer cells that are confined to the ducts and do not invade surrounding fatty and connective tissues of the breast. Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is the most common form of non-invasive breast cancer. Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is less common and considered a marker for increased breast cancer risk. Also, Invasive Breast Cancer cells that break through the duct and lobular wall and invade the surrounding fatty and connective tissues of the breast.
  • Results: Oancer can be invasive without being metastatic, spreading, to the lymph nodes or other organs. Either, Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS, lobular neoplasia), the term "in situ," refers to cancer that has not spread past the area where it initially developed. Further, LCIS is a sharp increase in the number of cells within the milk glands (lobules) of the breast. Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), the most common type of non-invasive breast cancer, is confined to the ducts of the breast. For example, ductal comedocarcinoma.
  • Conclusion: Additionally, infiltrating lobular carcinoma (ILC), ILC is also known as invasive lobular carcinoma. ILC begins in the milk glands (lobules) of the breast, but often spreads (metastatizes) to other regions of the body. More, infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC), IDC is also known as invasive ductal carcinoma. IDC begins in the milk ducts of the breast and penetrates the wall of the duct, invading the fatty tissue of the breast and possibly other regions of the body. in addition, there are types that are less, for example, Medullary carcinoma is an invasive breast cancer that forms a distinct boundary between tumor tissue and normal tissue or mutinous carcinoma which is also a rare breast cancer formed by mucus-producing cancer cells. There are others, such as tubular carcinoma, inflammatory breast cancer and Phylloides tumor.
  • Keywords: Breast Cancer