• A Review of Interventions affecting Domestic Violence during Pregnancy and lactation
  • Farzaneh Rassaf,1,* Zohreh Shahhosseini,2
    1. Midwifery Counseling, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran ,
    2. Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran


  • Introduction: Domestic violence means the violent and domineering behavior of a family member against another member or members of the same family. Nowadays, domestic violence against women has been widely recognized as an important public health problem. Violence in pregnancy can affect a woman's ability to breastfeed in addition to its many consequences for the pregnant woman. The aim of this study is to investigate the interventions performed in the field of domestic violence during pregnancy and lactation.
  • Methods: The present study is a domain review study. In this study, 477 articles were searched through E.search by entering the desired keywords in the Pubmed, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, SID, Magiran and Irandoc databases from the time period covered by these Banks were acquired until 2021. Finally, 10 intervention studies in the period from 2001 to 2021, which investigated the interventions carried out in the field of domestic violence on pregnant and lactating women, were investigated.
  • Results: Based on the total of 10 studies, 1 study on cognitive counseling, 1 study on educational-supportive intervention, 1 study on breastfeeding counseling, 1 study on solution-oriented counseling, 5 studies on supportive counseling and 1 study on routine domestic violence screening in The pregnancy had paid off. In one study, breastfeeding counseling for abused mothers was not associated with a reduction in the duration of exclusive breastfeeding. In 5 studies, after supportive counseling, improvement in quality of life, increase in the use of safety behaviors, improvement in family and social support, increase in access to community resources, increase in the use of referral services and reduction in maternal depression were reported.Also, in 1 study, after solution-oriented counseling, after counseling, physical, mental and sexual violence in the intervention group decreased significantly (P=0.001) and in addition, the quality of life scores effectively decreased in The intervention group improved considerably compared to the control group (P=0.001).
  • Conclusion: The results of this study showed that making this type of interventions in the care program of pregnant and lactating mothers under domestic violence are recommended in order to increase the health of the mother and the baby and increase exclusive feeding with breast milk.
  • Keywords: domestic violence, partner violence, violence during pregnancy, breastfeeding