Anti-bacterial effect of redroot pigweed ethanolic and aqueous extract

Hamideh Bakhshayeshan-agdam,1,* Fatemeh khodaie,2 Seyed yahya salehi-lisar ,3 Gholamreza zarrini,4

1. Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
2. Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
3. Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
4. Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

Abstract

Introduction

Plants producing various organic compounds via secondary metabolism and many of which compounds have several therapeutic effects and were used in traditional medicine from past to now. natural products are traditionally considered as the rich source of biochemicals and potent bioactivities against a number of diseases. more than 80% of the total world’s population relies on herbal medicine to meet their primary health care needs. redroot pigweed (amaranthus retroflexus l.) is a weed plant with well-known allelopathic effects. this plant has diverse therapeutic effects such as anti-bacterial and anti-cancer properties due to specific biochemical which involving in its allelopathic interactions as well.

Methods

In order to, ethanolic and aqueous extract of studied plant and disk method and subsequently mic (at different concentration including 1000, 500, 250, 125, 62.5, 31.25, 15.6, and 7.81 µl/ml) were used for evaluation of amaranth extract’s anti-bacterial effect. bacterial strains that used in this research were including staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli.

Results

The mic of redroot pigweed ethanolic and aqueous extract for s.aureus were ≥ 250 and ≥ 1000 µg/ml respectively, but they weren’t evaluable effect on e. coli. both the extracts have shown inhibitory effect against s.aureus and the ethanolic extract posses highest activity against s. aureus (14 mm), while aqueous extract showed low activity against it (10 mm). according to the disk results, susceptibility of s.aureus to redroot pigweed ethanolic extract was more than 70% which was almost equivalent to gentamicin anti-bacterial activity. therefore, redroot pigweed ethanolic extract can be considered in the anti-bacterial applications on s.aureus.

Conclusion

It seems that, gram positive bacteria have more susceptibility to amaranth extract compared to gram negative bacterial strain such as e.coli. accordingly, evaluation of redroot pigweed different extracts such ethyl acetate and petroleum ether anti-bacterial effects on more gram positive, and even gram negative bacteria can provide an accurate view on the anti-bacterial properties of amaranth extract.

Keywords

Anti-bacterial, redroot pigweed, minimum inhibitory concentration (mic), disk method