Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Effect of Montain Savory and Purple Coneflower Extracts on Staphylococcus aureus in vitro and Animal Model Study
Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Effect of Montain Savory and Purple Coneflower Extracts on Staphylococcus aureus in vitro and Animal Model Study
Nader Kazemi,1,*Kosar Abolfazli Zanjani,2
1. 1 Department of Biology, Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran 2. 2 Department of Microbiology, Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran
Introduction: Infectious diseases are one of the most common diseases around the world which impose enormous financial burden on society. Staphylococcus aureus is an important causes of nosocomial infections and multi drug resistance. Although synthetic antibiotics have been able to play an important role in treatment of infectious diseases in past decades, however problems related to microbial resistance of antibiotics have caused that the medical plants to be considered as an alternative.
Methods: In this study, aqueous and ethanolic extracts were prepared from dried leaves of the Satureja montana and Echinacea angustifolia, then anti-bacterial activities of the extracts for Staphylococcus aureus were experimented, first by the method of well diffusion in agar, and later the amount of the MIC and MBC of the extracts were measured by broth dilution method. In animal model study, first 5×105 CFU/ml of bacteria was intraperitoneally injected and after 24 hours, 0.5ml (as MBC concentration of each the extracts) of extracts, to female BALB/c mice was intrapertioneally injected. Then, the counting of bacterial clonies in spleen were determined with cultivation on Mueller Hinton agar after 7 days as the standard protocol.
Results: The experiment results concerning the determination of growth inhibition diameter in agar showed that the maximum of growth inhibition diameter is related to the ethanolic extract of Satureja montana (20 mm), and the minimum of growth inhibition diameter is related to ethanolic extract of Echinacea angustifolia (10 mm) at the highest concentration (400 mg/ml). In conditions of in vivo, after 48 hours spleen supernatant cultivation, the average number of bacteria for ethanolic extracts of the Satureja montana and Echinacea angustifolia were 1.8×103 CFU/ml and 6.6×103 CFU/ml respectively and for aqueous extract of Satureja montana was 14.6×103 CFU/ml. These results showed significantly decrease in number of bacteria in all experimental groups (p˂0.5) compared to control group.
Conclusion: In general, the results of evaluations in experimental conditions and the animal model showed that ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Satureja montana and ethanolic extract of Echinacea angustifolia have the effective antibacterial activity against mentioned bacteria and can be useful to treatment of nosocomial infections.