Shirin Saravani,1,*Hamideh Kadeh,2
1. Oral & Dental Disease Research Center, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Zahedan University of Medical Science, Zahedan, Iran 2. Oral & Dental Disease Research Center, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Zahedan University of Medical Science, Zahedan, Iran
Introduction: The oral cavity is a unique anatomical environment that can show the early signs of eating disorders or other systemic diseases. Vitamins and minerals are needed for rapid and proper cellular turnover of the oral mucosa. B complex vitamins (2,3,5,6,7,9,12) and vitamins A, C, D, E have an important relationship with oral health. Vitamin A deficiency leads to angular cheilitis and atrophy and dryness of the oral mucosa. Vitamin B deficiency is associated with glossitis, stomatitis, and oral ulcers such as burning erythematous macules. Vitamin C deficiency leads to refractory gingivitis. Deficiency of vitamins A and C together causes generalized gingival swelling, spontaneous bleeding, ulcerations, loosing teeth, increased severity of periodontal infections, and bone loss. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with bone hypomineralization and an increased risk of jaw fractures. It also increases the prevalence of periodontal disease (gingivitis and periodontitis) and increases the risk of infection, malignancy and autoimmune disease. Adequate vitamin D can delay the formation of dental caries by delaying its onset and progression. The most common oral manifestation of vitamin K deficiency is gingival bleeding. In this study, we try to review the research done on oral manifestations due to vitamin deficiency.
Methods: The oral cavity is a unique anatomical environment that can show the early signs of eating disorders or other systemic diseases. Vitamins and minerals are needed for rapid and proper cellular turnover of the oral mucosa. B complex vitamins (2,3,5,6,7,9,12) and vitamins A, C, D, E have an important relationship with oral health. Vitamin A deficiency leads to angular cheilitis and atrophy and dryness of the oral mucosa. Vitamin B deficiency is associated with glossitis, stomatitis, and oral ulcers such as burning erythematous macules. Vitamin C deficiency leads to refractory gingivitis. Deficiency of vitamins A and C together causes generalized gingival swelling, spontaneous bleeding, ulcerations, loosing teeth, increased severity of periodontal infections, and bone loss. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with bone hypomineralization and an increased risk of jaw fractures. It also increases the prevalence of periodontal disease (gingivitis and periodontitis) and increases the risk of infection, malignancy and autoimmune disease. Adequate vitamin D can delay the formation of dental caries by delaying its onset and progression. The most common oral manifestation of vitamin K deficiency is gingival bleeding. In this study, we try to review the research done on oral manifestations due to vitamin deficiency.
Results: The oral cavity is a unique anatomical environment that can show the early signs of eating disorders or other systemic diseases. Vitamins and minerals are needed for rapid and proper cellular turnover of the oral mucosa. B complex vitamins (2,3,5,6,7,9,12) and vitamins A, C, D, E have an important relationship with oral health. Vitamin A deficiency leads to angular cheilitis and atrophy and dryness of the oral mucosa. Vitamin B deficiency is associated with glossitis, stomatitis, and oral ulcers such as burning erythematous macules. Vitamin C deficiency leads to refractory gingivitis. Deficiency of vitamins A and C together causes generalized gingival swelling, spontaneous bleeding, ulcerations, loosing teeth, increased severity of periodontal infections, and bone loss. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with bone hypomineralization and an increased risk of jaw fractures. It also increases the prevalence of periodontal disease (gingivitis and periodontitis) and increases the risk of infection, malignancy and autoimmune disease. Adequate vitamin D can delay the formation of dental caries by delaying its onset and progression. The most common oral manifestation of vitamin K deficiency is gingival bleeding. In this study, we try to review the research done on oral manifestations due to vitamin deficiency.
Conclusion: The oral cavity is a unique anatomical environment that can show the early signs of eating disorders or other systemic diseases. Vitamins and minerals are needed for rapid and proper cellular turnover of the oral mucosa. B complex vitamins (2,3,5,6,7,9,12) and vitamins A, C, D, E have an important relationship with oral health. Vitamin A deficiency leads to angular cheilitis and atrophy and dryness of the oral mucosa. Vitamin B deficiency is associated with glossitis, stomatitis, and oral ulcers such as burning erythematous macules. Vitamin C deficiency leads to refractory gingivitis. Deficiency of vitamins A and C together causes generalized gingival swelling, spontaneous bleeding, ulcerations, loosing teeth, increased severity of periodontal infections, and bone loss. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with bone hypomineralization and an increased risk of jaw fractures. It also increases the prevalence of periodontal disease (gingivitis and periodontitis) and increases the risk of infection, malignancy and autoimmune disease. Adequate vitamin D can delay the formation of dental caries by delaying its onset and progression. The most common oral manifestation of vitamin K deficiency is gingival bleeding. In this study, we try to review the research done on oral manifestations due to vitamin deficiency.