• Evaluate the immune system of menopausal women with vasomotor symptoms against coronavirus and provide solutions to strengthen it
  • Seyed Mohammad Hossein Sabzpoushan,1,* Dr. Vahid Azizi,2 Mahsa Ghiasvand,3 Seyedeh Mahtab Mosanen Tabatabaei,4 Fereshte Norouzdamghani,5
    1. Department of Animal Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran,Iran
    2. Department of Animal Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran,Iran
    3. Department of Animal Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran,Iran
    4. Department of Animal Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran,Iran
    5. Department of Animal Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran,Iran


  • Introduction: The purpose of this article is to investigate the risk of Covid-19 in postmenopausal women with symptoms of hot flashes (one of the symptoms of vasomotor), as well as to provide methods other than the use of chemical drugs to strengthen the immune system and fight the coronavirus in These are people.
  • Methods: Menopausal women experience many changes due to decreased levels of sex hormones, such as changes in the body's metabolism, cognitive behaviors, and so on. One of the most important and common changes is the onset of vasomotor symptoms. In such cases, depending on the individual's lifestyle and history of the disease, the autonomic nervous system will not be able to control the body's internal environment and induce an appropriate response. The most important clinical sign that appears in this condition is hot flashes. Rising body temperature, profuse sweating, is some of the complications that occur in women during hot flashes. At this time, the person suffers from a very high level of cognition stress and in the face of external stimuli, Fight-or-flight behaviors due to elevated levels of hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline appear in him. If this continues, the immune system will be weakened. Both innate and adaptive immune systems (1,2) interact to protect against pathogens. In Covid-19 disease, the virus enters the body and releases inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-β-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-2 into the bloodstream. These cytokines and chemokines call immune cells, especially monocytes and T lymphocytes, to the site of infection during the phenomenon of chemotaxis , which, along with cell swelling, reduces the efficiency of gas exchange in the lungs(3) .Infection is first activated by innate immunity and then by acquired immunity. In viral infections such as corona, where the virus attacks target cells, cellular immunity has a more effective defense against the virus, which depends on the activation of B and T lymphocytes (4). The killer 〖CD8〗^+ T cells are responsible for identifying and then attacking directly infected virus cells. 〖CD4〗^+ cells are essential for stimulating lethal T cells and B cells through the production of cytokines. The function of immune cells is affected by aging. This can increase the risk of infectious diseases, reduce the antibody response to vaccination, and reduce the strength of immune cells to protect the body (5,6). Research has shown that exercise directly affects the immune system by strengthening the immune and antioxidant systems and anti-inflammatory effects, and indirectly by improving mood. In the case of coronavirus, a cytokine storm occurs, which disrupts the function of tissues such as the lungs, which may be exacerbated and exacerbated by exercise (7).
  • Results: It is recommended to follow a regular exercise program with an average of 20-30 minutes a day to strengthen the immune system and reduce the risk of viral infections. During moderate-intensity activity, the antipathogenic activity of tissue macrophages increases as the number of immunoglobulins, anti-inflammatory cytokines, NK cells, and immature B cells increases(8,9). This type of exercise is considered a treatment method due to its anti-inflammatory effects, which are effective in improving many diseases. Overall, research shows that if you exercise for more than 300 minutes a week at moderate intensity, it has anti-inflammatory effects and protects the body against viral infections such as Covid-19. Also, the use of herbal medicines is increasing in different countries due to growing concerns about the side effects of chemical drugs (10,11). Among these herbs, nigella extract has anti-inflammatory and immune-boosting effects that have led to many pharmacological effects (12). According to research, the use of black seed oil for four weeks causes a 55% increase in the ratio of CD4 + and CD8 + cells and a 30% increase in the function of NK cells (13).
  • Conclusion: Lifestyle changes are one of the newest recommended ways to improve and strengthen the immune system. As mentioned, having a daily exercise program, preferably with moderate intensity, can play an effective role in boosting the immune system. Unfortunately, the general public today does not value such sports programs due to lack of awareness, low level of social knowledge, and unfavorable conditions around them. Avoid smoking, avoid alcohol (even low alcohol consumption), get enough sleep, and maintain good public health are some of the factors that improve immune function.
  • Keywords: menopausal women , hot flashes , coronavirus , Covid-19 , vasomotor