Introduction: Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the most common bacterial infections in humans. It affects about 50% of the human population (1). H. pylori was first identified in humans and cultured by Marshall and Warren (2). It is a slightly curved microaerophilic bacillus with several polar flagella. Although the organism was initially classified as a Campylobacter species, it could not be cultured on Campy BAP agar medium because it is sensitive to cephalothin
Methods: Herein, we used data published in various data bases searching the words “Helicobacter pylori”, “Identification” and “treatment”.
Results: Methods of identification of H. pylori are divided into two categories: invasive and non-invasive. Invasive methods detect bacteria directly from gastric biopsy but non-invasive methods examine different samples. The key to effective treatment for H. pylori infection is the use of combination therapy being similar to the treatment for bacterial meningitis or endocarditis. Although alternative therapies, including herbal remedies and probiotics, have been used to improve eradication, current treatments still rely on a combination of antimicrobial agents such as amoxicillin, clarithromycin, metronidazole, and levofloxacin, as well as antisecretory agents such as proton pump inhibitors.
Conclusion: Both invasive and non-invasive diagnostic methods are used for the identification of H. pylori. Combination therapies are more efficient to eradicate the bacterium
Keywords: H. pylori, treatment, metronidazole, amoxicillin, levofloxacin