Introduction: Hemophilia is an inherited disease of chromosome X. It is 80% related to factor eight diseases (hemophilia A) and 20% related to factor 9 (hemophilia B). These include: risk of bleeding from the joints (feet, knees, elbows), hematoma or soft tissue bruising, postoperative bleeding, tendency of the body to bleed from the nose and mouth due to minor injuries, blood in the urine and feces, and bleeding Cerebral hemophilia A and B are inherited diseases that are passed on from the X chromosome gene. Women have two X chromosomes and men have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome.
A woman carrying a hemophilia gene that she has on one of her X chromosomes is 50% more likely to pass the defective gene to her children. Men who have a defective gene (with hemophilia) do not pass it on to their sons but to girls. It can be passed on through the father. Women who inherit the gene pass it on to their children 50% of the time, with the interpretation that these women do not have an active hemophilia gene, meaning they do not have an active hemophilia problem, but have frequent bleeding. Severe bleeding after surgery and dentistry and severe menstrual bleeding occur in these people. About 1.3% of hemophilia patients have no family history of the disease. These cases are the result of spontaneous gene defect in women.
Care for hemophilia patients: In general, prevention of bleeding and in case of bleeding, its treatment within the first two hours and treatment of bleeding that is mild can only be done at home, otherwise refer to special centers should be done. Improve lifestyle. Intramuscular injections and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should be avoided. Regular exercise in hemophilia patients and muscle strengthening is very effective in the process of recovery and protection. Patients' treatment also depends on the level of coagulation factors. The person can be different. For example: the method of replacing coagulation factors, stimulating the body to produce coagulation factors (desmopressin), clot-retaining drugs, surgery in need, ie damage to the joints, vaccination, etc.
Methods: BYE REVIEW AND STUDT OTHER ARTICLES
Results: There is generally no definitive cure for hemophilia patients, but by following the simple tips, patients can avoid bleeding and serious injuries to experience a healthier life.
Conclusion: the best time to perform hemophilia genetic tests and determine a person's genetic status is before pregnancy, because in some cases determining a person's genetic status is complex and takes time. So before trying to conceive, couples should go to the lab. If the condition is known. It is possible to diagnose more quickly in pregnancy.
Keywords: Hemophilia, care, X chromosome disease, defective gene