Investigation and Identification of the Role of LncRNAs Associated with ALS

Investigation and Identification of the Role of LncRNAs Associated with ALS
Marzieyh Bayat,^1,* Faezeh Elyasi,² Mohammad Hadi Masuomi,³ Zeynab Javadi jahromi,⁴
1. Department Of Biology, Payam Noor University ( PNU) Shahinshahr; Shahinshahr, Isfahan, Iran
2. DepartmeDepartment Of Biology, Payam Noor University ( PNU) Shahinshahr; Shahinshahr, Isfahan, Irannt Of Biology, Payam Noor University ( PNU) Shahinshahr; Shahinshahr, Isfahan, Iran
3. Departmant of biology, Faculty of Science, Gonbad kavous University, Gonbad kavous, Golestan, Iran
4. Department of Biology , Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Fars, Iran
Introduction: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive paralysis disease characterized by the destruction of motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. Typically, death from respiratory paralysis occurs within 3 to 5 years. The cause is unknown in 90 to 95% of cases, but physicians and researchers believe that both genetic and environmental factors are involved. The remaining 5 to 10 percent of cases are inherited from parents and there is currently no cure for ALS. Studies have shown that only about 1.2 percent of the genome is involved in protein encoding, and 98.8 percent of the sequences are non-coding sequences. It was shown that these types of non-coding RNAs are involved in processes such as pathology and showed a new horizon of expression regulation in cells in the transcription process.
Methods: Identification of differentially expressed genes.
Results: LncRNAs play a very important role in the normal functioning and maintenance of brain structures, studies have shown that LncRNAs are out of regulation in neurological disorders. Manipulation of gene expression and function of these molecules can play a key role in the treatment of diseases of the nervous system.
Conclusion: LncRNAs, or long non-coding RNAs, are significant cellular components that play important functional and regulatory roles within the cell. LncRNAs play a role in brain development, Genomic studies show that LncRNAs play a key role in human brain development. More than half of all LncRNAs are expressed in central nervous system cells (CNS), and their regulated expression is important in the development and function of the nervous system. Mature and developing neural systems exhibit specific regional, cellular, and subcellular concentrated expression profiles of LncRNAs that regulate vital functions, including neuronal stem cell maintenance (NCNs), neurogenesis, and Glycogenesis, homeostasis and synaptic binding are involved. In any case, whether the cell is replicating or not, maintaining genomic stability is of great importance, either by using DNA. Polymerases repair the mutations or kill the cell through apoptosis. However, accurate DNA repair is more limited in neurons that do not replicate. If DNA damage is not repaired, nerve cells die due to neurodegenerative disorders. A number of pathogenic types of DNA repair proteins are associated with multiple neurological diseases. The purpose of this review study is to review the research conducted and finally to identify the types, role and function of LncRNAs in ALS, which is a growing disease in the global population. Which can play a key role in identifying, preventing and treating in the future.
Keywords: ALS- LncRNAs