3rd International Congress on Biomedicine (ICB2019)
Analyzing the effects of PLGA nanoparticles with curcumin which helps Alzheimer's disease therapeutics
Analyzing the effects of PLGA nanoparticles with curcumin which helps Alzheimer's disease therapeutics
AmirAli Moodi Ghalibaf,1,*Rasul Saberi,2Mahla Chambari ,3
1. Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran 2. Islamic Azad University of Mashhad 3. varastegan institue of mashhad
Introduction: Alzheimer's disease is a common age-related neurodegenerative disease. One of its important features is the alteration of the spatial structure of Aβ protein from soluble state to oligomers, protofibrils or fibrils which accumulate in the form of insoluble plaques in the brain. The presence of these misfolded Aβ proteins in patients' brains has a direct relationship with neuronal inflammation and neuronal cell toxicity, which causes neurodegenerative and Alzheimer's disease. Due to the anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin, we conducted this review to determine the therapeutic effects of curcumin-PLGA nanoparticles on Alzheimer's disease.
Methods: We have done a comprehensive search through all studies published in English in electronic databases including Scopus, ScienceDirect, google scholar (since 2019) and PubMed (since 2015) with the keywords of Alzheimer's disease, curcumin, and PLGA nanoparticles. Of 295 articles, 31 review and trial articles were included in the review.
Results: Curcumin is a polyphenol extracted from Turmeric (Curcuma longa) which plays an important role in reducing the destructive effects of Aβ. Studies have shown that curcumin has protective effects on neuronal cells by preventing the destruction of synapses in some Alzheimer's models. As poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) has excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, it would increase the water solubility of curcumin. In vitro studies show the following properties for curcumin: Anti‐Aβ aggregation, anti-oxidative, and inhibition of β‐secretase, AChE, and Aβ‐induced inflammation. Oral consumption of curcumin inhibits Aβ oligomerization and tau phosphorylation in the brain in vivo. Since curcumin cannot easily cross the blood-brain barrier, PLGA nanoparticles play an important role in facilitating this process, so curcumin PLGA nanoparticles conjugated achieves a target more effective. Several studies have shown that the combination of selenium and gold with PLGA nanoparticles containing curcumin is effective in their delivery. PLGA nanoparticles are not only effective in treating diseases of the central nervous system, including Alzheimer's but can also help in the diagnosis.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that due to the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties of curcumin and the effects of PLGA nanoparticles alone or in combination with selenium and gold to facilitate the process and effects of curcumin on nerve cells, it can be effective in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Of course, early diagnosis of the disease is also important.