Introduction: Multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating disease in which the insulating covers of nerve cells (myelin)in the brain and spinal cord are damaged.An estimated 2500000 people in the word have MS.Between two and three woman have MS for every man with the condition.
Methods: Searching through Pubmed and Google scholar Databases as of October 2018 70 articles were found in Pubmed and 150 in Google scholar . Of the 220 articles found, 120 were eliminated by reading the topic and 70 by reading the abstract. Finally, 30 articles were used in this study.
Results:
The results of various papers showe that MS is an autoimmune disease and inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system that causes progressive disability. The inflammatory phase of the disease has partially responded to Immunomodulation but no treatment has been registered to prevent disability. More intensive treatment modalities, such as Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT)
have recently been proposed to delay inflammatory disease before patients become irreversibly disabled. AHSCT is a multi-stage therapy in patients with invasive MS and recently in patients with active and recurrent inflammation that disrupts the immune system and restarts it from hematopoietic stem cells and creates a new compatible immunity . This method is used for those who have not responded to the standard immune system and its used at a primary time befor Patients develop irreversible disability. The function of immune system regeneration following AHSCT is through the elimination of pathogenic clones by a combination of direct deletion and induction of lymphopenic adhesion, which ultimately leads to decreased proliferation and also clone erosion. Regulatory change in the T-cell population and normalization of the genetic singnaturesz of immunization are evidence of AHSCT and immune system resuscitation. After transplantation, patients showed an increase in the number of T cell subsets that regulate the early proliferation of central and effector memory CD8 + T cells and thymus gland reactivity.
Conclusion: The findings indicate that AHSCT can suppress long-term inflammatory disease activity, and can also stop or reverse nerve deterioration in the progressive stages of the disease and alter the underlying disease process. . This treatment is generally well tolerated and the only problem is the toxicity of the graft in patients. No deaths occurred. In order to better use of this method, it is advisable to consider the patient's age and the stage of the MS in which the patient is located. This method is more commonly used in adults but is currently Beine used in children.