Biochemical study of bee venom from fars province and its effects on the wound healing and cell adhesion of human fibroblast cells

Nafiseh sadat Dehghanyan,1 Seyedeh sara hashemi ,2,* Alireza rafati,3 Safoura sameni,4

1. Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
2. Burn & Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
3. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Nutrition, Sarvestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
4. Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran

Abstract

Introduction

Natural products have been used as alternative drugs for treatment, because they have a good efficacy and a low risk of side effects. bee venom is known as a therapeutic application for the treatment of various diseases. the bee venom stimulates the migration of keratinocyte and is a rich source of active peptidase a and a combination of proteins such as: mellitus, phospholipase a2, hyaluronidase, which all may induce wound healing activities.

Methods

In this study, bee venom poison was initially collected from fars province area. later gas chromatography and mass spectrophotometry (gc-ms) was carried out on the hydro-alcoholic extract of this bee product. fibroblast cells were removed from the foreskin of the human penis. the cells were grown in the dmem medium and by passage three were treated with different doses of the bee venom. afterwards, they were subjected to the mtt test, adhesion test and wound healing assay.

Results

The findings of this investigation have shown bee venom composition of fars province to include melittin, phospholipase a2, histamine and hyaluronidase. the main protein ingredients of this poison were respectively melittin (50%), phospholipase a2 (10-12%), and hyaluronidase (1-3%) elucidating probable high wound healing properties for the venom derived from honey-bee of various parts of fars province. our findings revealed that by increasing the concentration of bee venom, the amount of cell migration and adhesion increases, as compared to the control group. while, mtt results show that the control group perform a higher survival rate, followed by higher doses of treatment with the bee venom as compared to the lower-doses-treated ones.

Conclusion

As seen in the results of this study, in agreement with previous findings, honey bee venom increases the migration of cell fibroblasts in the laboratory environment, which can be attributed to the presence of melittin and hyaluronidase in the poison, which decreases the intercellular adhesion. this may suggest a wound healing application for this naturally occurring product in later studies.

Keywords

Bee venom, fars, mtt, wound healing, cell adhesion