Parp inhibitors in triple-negative breast cancers: from basic research to clinical application

Mahsa Kaviani,1,* Mohammad amin dehghani,2 Farzan mozaffarian,3 Fatemeh dehghani,4

1. School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
2. Student Research Committee of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
3. School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
4. Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

Abstract

Introduction

With an increased risk of distant metastasis, short post-recurrence survival, and early relapse, triple negative breast cancer (tnbc) encompasses 15-20% of all breast cancers. with applying synthetic lethality, parp inhibitors (parpi) target cancers with deficient homologous recombination dna repair, including brca1- and brca2-mutated tnbc. for cancers with deficiencies in the procedures of dna repair, which are managed by the brca1 and brca2 tumor suppressor genes, parpi has been clinically established as a treatment process.

Methods

in this research, english articles published in pubmed database were searched using the keywords of parp inhibitors, clinical treatment, triple negative breast cancer, brca1, anti-parp therapy, and brca2.

Results

Despite the unclear path of approving the use of parpi as a treatment for breast cancer in clinical settings, current results obtained from clinical trials have been indicative of increased interest to this issue. some of the parpi methods have been recently applied to patients with breast cancer for clinical assessment. in this respect, talazoparib and olaparib had higher effectiveness regarding advanced germline brca-mutated cancer, compared to standard chemotherapy. moreover, current studies have demonstrated the efficiency of anti-parp therapy combined with carboplatin in patients diagnosed with tnbc in the neoadjuvant setting.

Conclusion

With a specific emphasis on parpi, pharmacotherapy plays a role in the formation of new treatment methods for tnbc cases. according to the results of the study, parps was recognized as an efficient technique to target cancers with deficient dna-damage repair, such as brca1 and brca2 mutation-associated breast cancer.

Keywords

Triple negative breast cancer; brca1/2; parp inhibitors; anti-parp therapy; clinical treatment.