1. Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University 2. Mashhad university of medical science 3. Kavian Institute of Education
Abstract
Introduction
Cerebral palsy (cp) is known as a non-progressive brain disorder that occurs due to injuries or abnormalities in developing fetal or infant brain. common causes are hypoxia, birth injuries, abnormal delivery, maternal infections and bleeding in the brain.
Methods
Among various treatments which are used for management of cp disorder, stem cell transplantation with the ability to differentiate into various cell types can be considered as a novel and promising treatment. there are different types of stem cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) that can be harvested easily and usually isolated from the adults' bone marrow.
Results
Mscs are able to migrate to the damaged tissue then, they cross the brain blood barrier and have the plasticity to change into neural and glial cell. they secrete neurotrophic factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) and glial derived neurotrophic factor (gdnf) which remove synaptic damaged neurons and stimulate the synaptic connectivity of newly-formed neurons.
Conclusion
Stem cells are capable to modulate the immune system. they shed themselves from immune system by presenting mhc? and promoting th2 response by inhibiting inf?, tnf? and increasing il10 secretion. mscs alter antigen-presenting maturation and induce t-cell unresponsiveness. immunomodulatory of mscs can also be because of cd200 ligand that inhibit the inflammatory response of cd200r expressing microglia cells.
Keywords
Cerebral palsy (cp), mesenchymal stem cells (mscs), immune system
