• The effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on bacterial resistance in gram-negative and positive bacteria
  • Maede Khodabande,1 Rasoul Shokri,2,* Mojtaba Mohammadi Roknabadi,3
    1. Zanjan branch, Islamic Azad University,
    2. Biology research center,Zanjan branch, Islamic Azad University,
    3. ,Mycology department of biology Zanjan branch, Islamic Azad University,


  • Introduction: Antibiotic resistance in bacteria has now become a worldwide issue. Today Antimicrobial misuse has led to the creation of multidrug-resistant bacteria, resulting in a rise in infectious illness and mortality. Nanomaterials, such as metal oxide nanoparticles, have emerged as viable candidates in the last several years as researchers looked into different solutions to this challenge. As a result of its widespread applicability, nanotechnology science has advanced substantially. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NP) have showed promise in inactivating bacteria at a time when the number of new antibiotics in development is dwindling and, more concerning, the incidence of bacteria resistant to presently used antibiotics is rising. ZnO NPs have already been successfully incorporated into a number of biomedical applications due to their ability to inactivate germs. The goal of this study is to see how zinc oxide nanoparticles affect bacterial resistance in both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.
  • Methods: The current study was conducted by scanning scholarly resources such as Google Scholar, Science Direct, Springer, and PubMed for information zinc oxide nanoparticles and bacterial resistance.
  • Results: The current study was conducted by scanning scholarly resources such as Google Scholar, Science Direct, Springer, and PubMed for information zinc oxide nanoparticles and bacterial resistance.
  • Conclusion: The end outcome revealed in general, surface changes of ZnO NPs boost antibacterial activity, lowering the MIC of these NPs against the microbes studied. This is due to ZnO NPs' better size distribution and increasing resistance. ZnO had a stronger effect against Gram-negative E. coli than it did against Gram-positive S. aureus. Bacterial cells were more easily damaged by ZnO particles. They have a tendency to penetrate bacteria's membranes, which appears to be more efficient against larger oval-shaped E. coli than tiny spherical S. aureus
  • Keywords: ZnO Nanoparticle, bacterial resistance, Antibiotic