Investigation the effect of dendritic cells in improvement of pancreatic cancer (Systematic review)

Investigation the effect of dendritic cells in improvement of pancreatic cancer (Systematic review)
Mahya Najjari,¹ Elahe Safari,^2,* Mohammadhadi Feghhi,³
1. Student Research Committee, Varastegan Institude for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
2. School Of Nursery and Midwifery, Mashhad Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
3. School Of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
Introduction: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the significant leading causes of cancer death and has the highest mortality rate worldwide. It is one of the most aggressive tumors with a poor prognosis. Dendritic cells (DCs) are occupational antigen-presenting cells that play a significant role in inducing and responding of primary immune responses that considering them as a vital goal in generating therapeutic immunity against cancers, so the aim of this study is investigating the effect of dendritic cells in improvement of pancreatic cancer.
Methods: This review article was performed within articles published at PubMed, Science direct, Google Scholar, SID and Cochrane until July 2020. The keywords were dendritic cells, pancreatic cancer and treatment. By searching this database; 161 articles were found, 92 of them by reading titles and abstracts were removed. 69 articles were selected under the inclusion criteria. All articles chosen from English and Persian articles.
Results: Finally 69 articles were included in the study. Suppressing PD-L1 in malignant cells during DC immunization could be a helpful tool in pancreatic cancer (PC). Increasing or decreasing the number of normal conventional dendritic cells (CDCs) in PC was an obvious strategy that could progress immune-based therapies. Vaccination with peptide-pulsed DCs in combination with poly-ICLC was safe and caused a measurable tumor specific T cell population in patients with advanced PC. DCs co-transfected with two mRNAs of tumor associated-antigens (TAA) MUC4 and survivin, compared to DCs transfected with a single mRNA encoding either MUC4 or surviving; induced a stronger response against the target cells in vitro of PC. DC-based immune therapy could be an appropriate strategy to remove pancreatic cancer stem cells (CSCs) in vitro and manufacture of DC loaded with CSCs associated antigens could present a modern and precious method for extracting the immune response to obliterate CSCs. DC vaccine loaded with Wilms’ tumor gene 1 (WT1) peptides was a recent treatment for inactive metastatic PC. DC vaccination and combination therapy of CD40 agonist are considered as T cell-dependent anti-tumor immunotherapy in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. In addition, neutralizing TGF-β increased anti-tumor immunity of DCs against PC by regulating T cells, therefor the combination of DC–CIK immunotherapy and chemotherapy was beneficial in PC treatment.
Conclusion: It seems that modification of DCs with tumor antigen can influence T-cell activation and antitumor immune response. DCs-vaccination can increase potential of recovery in combined treatments aiming to destroy tumor cell, creating innate and appropriate immune responses; however need to be more research done at this topic.
Keywords: Pancreatic cancer, Dendritic cell, Treatment