The role of adiponectin in increasing insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

The role of adiponectin in increasing insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
parisa khorsand noughabi,¹ Hossein bakhtiari dovvombaygi,² fateme assar,³ Farzaneh pardehshenas,^4,*
1. Student Omid Research group, School Of Nursery and Midwifery, Mashhad Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
2. Student Omid Research group,Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
3. Student Omid Research group ,faculty of Basic Sciences ,Mashhad Islamic Azad University,Mashhad,Iran
4. Student Omid Research group, School Of Nursery and Midwifery, Mashhad Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of childbearing age and the most common cause of infertility due to anovulation, which is associated with symptoms such as high insulin, elevated male or androgen hormones, and ovulation disorders. Insulin plays an important role in this disease and its high level in the blood of these patients may cause the body to become insulin resistant and cause diseases such as type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis and finally cardiovascular diseases. Insulin resistance can also play a major role in the pathogenicity of PCOS. Adipocytokines are biologically active molecules derived from adipose tissue cells. One of these adipocytokines is the hormone adiponectin. Recently, the hormone adiponectin has been identified as a substance with important metabolic effects that is involved in lipid metabolism and the mechanism of action of insulin. There is evidence that serum adiponectin levels are affected during obesity and insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of adiponectin in insulin resistance and polycystic ovary syndrome.
Methods: This review was performed within articles published at PubMed,Google scholar and SID from 2015 to 2020. the keywords were adiponectin,insulin resistance and polycystic ovary syndrome. by searching this database , 66 articles were found. The titles of 33 articles were not relevant to our research and 18 of them by reading abstract were removed. All articles were selected from English and Persian articles.
Results: Finally, 15 articles were included in our study. Eight articles definitively mentioned the association between decreased serum adiponectin levels and increased insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Studies of 5 articles showed that serum adiponectin levels were low in women with PCOS. However, no significant relationship was found between adiponectin levels and insulin resistance. One of these articles, which was performed on 43 women with polycystic ovary syndrome and 39 healthy women, suggested that low adiponectin levels may be secondary to hyperinflation. Androgenemia (not due to insulin resistance).A cross-sectional study of 44 women with PCOS and 16 healthy women showed that insulin resistance and adiponectin levels were significantly higher in the female patient group. This increase can be considered as a useful compensatory mechanism. In addition, evidence from one study showed that lean women with insulin resistance had lower serum levels of adiponectin than lean women without insulin resistance.
Conclusion: According to our study, there is a relationship between serum adiponectin levels and insulin resistance in PCOS women, but today adiponectin is studied more as a marker and not as a treatment option, so further study on its therapeutic aspect on PCOS Recommended. Also, since adiponectin is a marker of adipose tissue, measuring its serum level to measure insulin resistance in lean women may provide misleading evidence, so further studies in this area may be helpful.
Keywords: adiponectin , insulin resistance , polycystic ovary syndrome