Effects of natural compounds incorporated into electrospun nanofiber mats in wound healing

Effects of natural compounds incorporated into electrospun nanofiber mats in wound healing
Melissa Emamalipour,^1,*
1. Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Introduction: The crucial role of skin as a shield membrane against any external factor which can cause infection is undeniable. Wounds caused due to various incidents can be acute or chronic based on their intensity. The area surrounding the acute wound is responsible for repairing the sore caused via the release of two kinds of signaling molecules - cytokines and growth factors. Inasmuch as chronic wounds can be deeper, they have a longer and more complicated healing process. Generally, wound healing is a dynamic process involving harmonious biochemical and physiological stages, that occurs over the sequential yet overlapping phases of inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. It synthesis new tissue for regenerate or repair of skin. The number of cells involved in wound healing that can be mentioned are: platelets, inflammatory cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, epidermal cells and keratinocytes. In order to minimize side effects as well as speeding up of wound recovery, choosing the best wound restoration strategy is a principle. Some methods have used to wound healing are moist dressing treatment method, vacuum therapy, laser therapy, electrotherapy, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy, ozone therapy, cell therapy, gene therapy and nanotechnology. In this review, the effects of natural products combined with polymeric nanofiber scaffolds in wound healing were studied.
Methods: Since that nanofibers display an extremely high surface to volume ratio, nanoscale structure and high porosity, also are suitable and biodegradable for drug delivery and targeting, they can be utilized to deliver drugs to attain either localized therapy or controlled release of the drugs at the target. Drugs can be combined with polymeric nanofiber scaffold implants to prevent infection at that specific site as the tissue regeneration occurs. It is proved that, Propolis has antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-tumor, anti-ulcer, anti-fungal, regenerative, antioxidant and etc. properties and is organic antibiotic. In addition, this herbal medication stimulates cell proliferation, collagen formation and tissue repair, and it treats faster injured tissue; It doesn't cause toxicity and allergies in the body and is safe. Furthermore, Aloe vera and Calendula officinalis with antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties as well as ability to collagen synthesis and angiogenesis are used to repair damaged tissue objectives.
Results: According to the results of various researches that have been conducted in these fields, the viability of investigated fibroblast cells was increased with increasing these natural compounds concentration and incubation time, that indicate regeneration properties of mentioned compounds and their role as a fibroblast growth stimulator.
Conclusion: However, more extensive in vivo research is needed to perform in this field as long as it can be tested on humans directly.
Keywords: Wound healing; Nanofiber; Natural compound; Fibroblast