Sorafenib resistance in differentiated thyroid cancer: recent therapeutic strategies

Reza Kiani rad,1,* Mohammad amin dehghani,2 Zeynab zohrab zadeh,3 Fatemeh dehghani ,4

1. School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
2. Student Research Committee of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
3. School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
4. Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

Abstract

Introduction

Differentiated thyroid cancer (dtc) has been appearing as worldwide endocrine cancer. the advanced dtc can be currently treated by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (tkis), including sorafenib as the first line therapy.

Methods

The search for relevant articles was performed on pubmed database and findings of meetings by the keywords of dtc; tyrosine kinase inhibitors; sorafenib; drug resistance and therapeutic strategies.

Results

in vitro and in vivo findings reported antiproliferative and antiangiogenic activities for sorafenib against dtc. promising results exist from multiple phase ii studies of sorafenib in dtc therapy, suggesting actions to develop phase iii placebo-controlled research. long-term efficacy and tolerability of sorafenib have been conducting in patients with papillary, follicular and medullary aggressive thyroid cancer. the resistance usually developed after 1 or 2 years among most patients indicates a partial or stabilized response to this disease when taking sorafenib, highlighting the need for a comprehensive research for subsequent therapies.

Conclusion

It can be claimed that sorafenib has opened a new window for patients in treating their advanced dtc as resistance disease to conventional therapies, like radioiodine, and with high rate of complication, which means high rate of dose reduction or discontinuation. as well, the patients must be chosen precisely and the possible complication must be controlled when taking sorafenib in patients with metastatic thyroid cancer.

Keywords

Dtc; tyrosine kinase inhibitors; sorafenib; drug resistance; therapeutic strategies.